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　　新gre阅读技巧全面剖析

　　AtacertainperiodinEarth’shistory,itsatmospherecontainedalmostnooxygen,althoughplantswereproducingvastquantitiesofoxygen.Asawayofreconcilingthesetwofacts,scientistshavehypothesizedthatnearlyalloftheoxygenbeingproducedwastakenupbyirononEarth’ssurface.Clearly,however,thisexplanationisinadequate.NewstudiesshowthattheamountofirononEarth’ssurfacewasnotsufficienttoabsorbanywherenearasmuchoxygenaswasbeingproduced.Therefore,somethinginadditiontotheirononEarth’ssurfacemusthaveabsorbedmuchoftheoxygenproducedbyplantlife.

　　Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?

　　A.Thefirstisaclaimmadebytheargumentinsupportofacertainposition;thesecondisthatposition.

　　B.Thefirstisajudgmentmadebytheargumentaboutacertainexplanation;thesecondisthatexplanation.

　　C.Thefirstexpressestheargument’sdismissalofanobjectiontothepositionitseekstoestablish;thesecondisthatposition.

　　D.Thefirstsumsuptheargument’spositionwithregardtoacertainhypothesis;thesecondprovidesgroundsforthatposition.

　　E.Thefirstisaconcessionbytheargumentthatitsinitialformulationofthepositionitseekstoestablishrequiresmodification;thesecondpresentsthatpositioninamodifiedform.

　　初次接触这种BOLDFACE题的同学，一定是一头雾水，不知从何下手。但这在GMAT中已经考了十年有余了，早已总结出非常有效的破解方式，只要抓住几个关键词，就能把答案迅速遴选出来。

　　当然在原有的GRE阅读中也有着重考察思维的题目，比如会有加强题和削弱题，但其难度远小于GMAT逻辑中的同类题型。但在新GRE中，情况似乎发生了变化。请看下题(新GRE指南P321)：

　　Sparva,unlikeTreland’sotherprovinces,requiresautomobileinsurerstopayforanymedicaltreatmentssoughtbysomeonewhohasbeeninvolvedinanaccident;intheotherprovinces,insurerspayfornonemergencytreatmentonlyiftheypreapprovethetreatment.Clearly,Sparva’slessrestrictivepolicymustbetheexplanationforthefactthataltogetherinsurerstherepayforfarmoretreatmentsafteraccidentsthaninsurersinotherprovinces,eventhoughSparvadoesnothavethelargestpopulation.

　　Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststrengthentheargument?

　　A.CarinsurancecostsmoreinSparvathaninanyotherprovince.

　　B.ThecostofmedicalcareinSparvaishigherthanthenationalaverage.

　　C.Differenceinsurancecompanieshavedifferentstandardsfordeterminingwhatconstitutesemergencytreatment.

　　D.FewerinsurancecompaniesoperateinSparvathaninanyotherprovince.

　　E.TherearefewertrafficaccidentsannuallyinSparvathaninanyoftheprovincesofcomparableorgreatpopulation.

　　表面上看，这就是一道GRE阅读中传统的加强题，只不过原来在长文或短文章中出现，而现在微文中了。但深入体会，发现其加强的思路在靠近GMAT的考法。过去对原文推理的加强一般都停留在对论据或结论的支持上，这当然是比较肤浅的。而这道题，其论据(Sparva’slessrestrictivepolicy)与其结论(insurersinSparvapayforfarmoretreatments)都是原文所引述的事实，无需支持。所以对该推理的加强就在于对其因果关系的支持，这正是GMAT加强题的精髓，同时更是对推理能力的考察。