【托福口语】托福口语分类话题详解之人物类话题

首先，考生们要树立起信心，其实托福口语考试是非常好拿分的，因为说通俗一点，托福口语是按点给分。也就是说，考生只要回答的在“点”上，就有分。

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那么，什么叫在“点”上呢？我们拿Describe a famous person who has influenced you much.一题来作为例子。考生首先需要回答这个人是谁，人物基本信息，然后对如何影响你作出解释，通常需要阐释两点，这样就能赚取四分之三的分数了。其实要想达到是比较困难的，要求考生的综合素质，包括语音、语调、语速、流畅度、对于时间的把握、连贯性等等。这需要长时间的锻炼积累才能达到，所以准备期较短的考生应先设法抓住四分之三的分数。要想抓住这四分之三的分数，考生需要首先更新一下自己的词库，从而避免一些俗套的表达，让自己石沉大海。

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独立口语题多让考生描述一个人是如何影响你或者为什么对你来说重要，这需要考生对人物的性格特点进行描述，搭配相应的事例，进行解释。对于人物性格特质的描述有很多种，以下是考生可常用的一些加分表达：

amicable, amiable, benign 友好友善的，亲切的，aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的，dynamic 生机勃勃的，enthusiastic 热心的，faithful 守信的，忠诚的，frank 坦率的，forceful （性格）坚强的，honest 诚实的，humorous 幽默的，independent 有主见的，industrious 勤奋的，trustworthy 可信赖的，sincere 真诚的，motivated 有动力的，responsible 负责任的，determined 坚定的，persevere 坚持不懈的，cooperative合作的，strong-willed 意志坚定的。考生从中挑选两到三个形容词，加以事例支持，就可以把人物鲜活地描述出来了。

除此之外，各类人物应具备的特征也是人物类常考的话题之一。具体地说，对于一些职业，如医生、教师、主持人、运动员，一些人物关系，如朋友、家长、等，考生要积累掌握一些相关的表达。前文中提到的一些形容词都可以用来作为这类题目的回答要点，比如医生要具备responsibility责任和trustworthiness信赖可靠，考生抛出两个关键词，各自进行解释和举例，就完成任务了。

人物类话题还有一种常考题型，就是三选一。题目中给出三个选项，让考生选出认为较重要或较喜欢的一个，进行阐述和解释。例如，Which do you think is the most important one to you: family, friends or colleagues? Explain why. Please include details and examples in your response. 这是非常典型的三选一考题，考生只需选取其一说明原因和事例即可。但往往较为难考生的就是如何阐述原因。很多考生选择family，但原因是什么却很难想到，他们觉得家人重要就是重要，没有为什么。这当然无可厚非，但考生要知道的是，如果回答不出为什么，甚至有考生回答no reason，结果一般是不理想的。其实仔细想想，家庭、朋友等的重要性并不难说，只是我们同学不善于总结和发现，所以在这里老师就为大家总结了一些考生们可用的素材：

家庭的重要性：

1. Family provides a sense of belonging. It gives identity and provides support and security.

2. Your family is made up of the people you care about and the people who care about you.

3. Family counts. It’s where you start. It shapes you and nurtures you.

4. The family members support one another, trust one another, care for each other when things get tough, and share their resources.

5. Families are a source of emotional support and comfort, warmth and nurturing, protection and security.

6. Family instils discipline and helps children learn and internalize codes of conduct that will serve them for the rest of their lives.

7. The family instructs children and gives guidance about personal values and social behavior.

8. Family relationships provide children with a critical sense of being valued and with a vital network of historical linkages and social support.

9. Family is a place where each member feels that he or she is special and isencouraged to pursue his or her own dreams; it is a place where everyone’s individuality is permitted to flourish.

朋友的重要性：

1. Friendship provides a critical buffer against stress and helps to protect against psychological and psychiatric problems.

2. Difficulty in making and keeping friends leads to feelings of low self-esteem and these feelings usually continue into adulthood.

3. Friendship is a wonderful thing and is vitally important for personal growth and success.

4. A good friendship is one where you accept and forgive faults, understand moods, and don’t feel hurt if a friend doesn’t feel like seeing you.

5. When you are happy, friendship is just like adding flowers on the brocade; when you are sad, friendship is a dose of consolation; if you are in trouble, friends will surround you and remove the barriers for you; if you have a hard nut to crack, you can turn to friends for help.

6. Friendship isn’t almighty, but no one can live happily without it.

以上就是托福人物类话题较常考的题型、答题策略和口语素材。人物类考题数量较多，但归根结底考察的内容都有共通性，所以考生一定要花时间做好考题和素材的归类总结，坚持练习，定有一日不再恐惧人物类话题的出现。