大连线上雅思一对一辅导

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But the resting state is not easy to investigate. As some cognitive psychologists have pointed out, just because a person is lying in a scanner we can’t be sure that they are alone in their thoughts, introspecting(内省). They could be thinking about the sounds of the scanner and what’s happening around them. For this reason there are still plenty of unanswered questions about mind wandering. For instance, are the daydreams we experience when we’re trying – and failing – to focus on our work different from the ones we have when we’re deliberately(有意地) trying to switch off?(比如，当我们试图—或者没做到—专心工作时体验到的白日梦，与我们刻意要关闭大脑时体验的白日梦有什么不同?)

Progress is being made, though. A study published earlier this year hinted that we might all experience the resting state in a slightly different same way. Researchers conducted a detailed brain scan study of five people who had been trained to recount their mind wanderings in detail every time they heard a computer beep. The researchers found considerable(相当大的) differences between each person’s daydreaming thoughts and experiences.

In September researchers at the University of Oxford used scans from the Human Connectome Project of 460 people’s brains in a resting state to explore which parts of the brain communicate with each other when we are at rest. Again, the results hinted at personal differences in the resting state – this time linked to life skills and experiences. The strength of the connections between different parts of the brain varies with the strength of a person’s memory, their years of education and their physical endurance.(大脑不同部分之间联系的强度取决于个人记忆力的强度、受教育长短及其身体耐力。) It is as though parts of the brain remain connected when our mind wanders just in case we need them to do something.

Scientifically, the discovery that the brain is never truly at rest could help make sense of a longstanding mystery: why does the brain uses 20% of body’s energy when the activities we know it performs should need only about 5%?Marcus Raichle has labelled the missing 15% the brain’s “dark energy” – resting state activity might account for some of this discrepancy(差异，缺口).(为什么大脑使用了身体能量的20%，而大脑完成我们所知的活动仅需要5%?Marcus Raichle将那消失的15%称为大脑的“黑能量”—休息状态下的活动也许能部分解释这15%的缺口。)

The discovery of the resting state also has the potential to change the way we each feel about our brains. We know how hard it is to empty our minds. We know how our minds have a frustrating tendency to wander even when we don’t want them to. But the emerging picture suggests these quirks(怪癖)might actually be beneficial – even if they do prevent us from finishing a task in time to meet a deadline. In other words, perhaps it’s time to celebrate the virtues of an idle mind. (换句话说，我们也许该歌颂一下胡思乱想的美德了。)

Vocabulary

Neuroscientist 神经科学家

Popular belief 通行的观点

Assumption 假设，前提

Stimulate 刺激

Evocaive 召唤的;引起回忆的

Neutral 中性的

Cross 十字架

Investiate 研究;探究

Coordinate 协调

Incorporate 整合;纳入

Consistently 总是;一贯

Catch on 被人接受，变得流行

Object to 反对

Consolidate 加强;巩固

Conteplate 思考

Unoccupied 空闲的

Introspect 内省

Deliberately 刻意地

Considerable 相当大的

Discrepancy 差异;缺口

Quirk 怪癖