2018年的托福考试即将落下帷幕，了解过去一年的考试趋势，有助于大家更加有针对性的准备考试，起到事半功倍的作用。
口语部分
今年一共有47场托福考试，其中1月6日分成上下午考场。截止发表文章为止，已进行了45场（至12月8日后一场）托福口语考试。以下数据均统计于这45场考试之中。
TASK 1
独立题Task 1中，我们可以看见ETS已经抛弃过去常见的纯描述类的话题，而偏重于抽象事物以及事件类题型。题型分布基本和去年持平，但是“建议类”的话题数量大幅增加。
在今年这45场口语考试之中，“三选一”一共出现了14次，“建议类”出现了14次，“优缺点”出现了11次，“描述类”仅仅出现了6次。
具体数据可以参考下图：
话题分布主要分为“课后活动”（16次），“教育”（12次），“社会事件”（11次）， “个人成长”（6次）等话题。
具体数据如下：
下面，我们来看一些2018年真题的例子。
首先，和去年一样占比比较重的“三选一”题型，一共出现14次
20180106下午场 公司话题
Which of the following methods do you think is the best to motivate the employees?
A. Extra money as a reward
B. Organize a kind of contest to select who is the best one.
C. To praise staff on the website
20180204 个人成长话题
Which one of the following group has the most influence on your opinion?
A. Teachers
B. Friends
C. Family members
20180303 课后活动话题
Your university is going to add a new section in the campus newspaper. Which of the following three do you think is the best choice?
A. Film recommendation
B. Tips about travelling for students
C. Local restaurants review
20180311 课后活动话题
Which function of the cellphones do you think is the most useful to students?
A. Taking photos
B. Listening to music
C. Recording videos
20180506 课后活动话题
Which of the following three after-school activities you are most interested in?
A. Planting flowers
B. Picking garbage and plastic in the campus
C. Painting
20181104 课后活动话题
Your university receives an amount of funds from the graduates. Which of the following infrastructure should the university put money on?
A. Stadium
B. Theater
C. Game center
20181125 租房类话题
Which of the following factors do you think is the most important when you rent an apartment?
A. Friendly roommates
B. Close to the stores and restaurants
C. Close to the public transportation
第二比重是建议类题型（Suggestion），一共出现14次
20180310 旅游类话题
One of your friends is going to visit your country. What kind of transportation do you recommend him or her to use? Explain with details and examples.
20180610 课后活动类（宠物）话题
One of your friends is going to have a pet. What suggestions would you like to give him or her? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180908 课后活动类话题
One of your friends plans to learn cooking. What suggestion would you give to your friend?
20181020同20181028S1 课后活动类话题
What would you do to celebrate your friend’s achievement? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20181117 生活类话题
One of your friends used to ride bicycles to school, but now he wants to earn money from part-time job and buy a new car. What would you suggest your friend to do?
20181201 公司类话题
What would you do to run a small business company with your friends?
占比第三的是优缺点类题型（Advantages and Disadvantages），一共出现10次
20180113 教育类话题
Teachers prefer to give students group assignments instead of individual assignments. Give at least one advantage and one disadvantage about the statement.
20180331 教育类话题
Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of universities located in small town or rural areas? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180415 教育类话题
Many professors ask their students to take exams during the classes, but some professors allow students to take exam papers home and hand in the next day. What are the advantages or disadvantages of asking students to do a home-take exam? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180602 教育类话题
Instead of printing books in paper version the university decides to release only online version of textbooks. Talk about at least one advantage and one disadvantage of this change.
20180714 个人成长类话题
Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of giving children financial reward when they do well in school.
20181111 租房类话题
Talk about the disadvantages of moving to a new place to live.
后一类，就是占比小的描述类话题（Description），一共出现了6次
20180128 个人成长类话题
Describe something that you thought was negative the first time you went to school, but turned out to be positive. Please use details and examples in your response.
20180324 个人成长类话题
Things always change in an unexpected way. Please describe a thing you have recently done but ten years ago, you never imagined you would do.
20180708 教育类话题
Describe the most common mistakes that parents make in the process of raising their kids.
20180825 个人成长类话题
Describe something that once you are scared of but you overcame it in the end, and explain how you overcome it.
总结：
由此可见，2018年托福口语独立题Task1中，“三选一”的题型会持续升温。
此类题型需要考生在回答中迅速锁定一个目标进行答题。给出三个备选方案中一般会出现一个比较容易又保险的选项，比如涉及到环境保护，校园生活，城市规划，课后活动等话题。答题时候，可以先选择一个说其优点，再攻击另外两个选项的缺点，但是比例一定要掌握好。
在考场上要在短时间内想出合适的答案并不是很轻松，所以同学们不仅要在课上掌握老师讲解的三选一答题方法，也要在平时生活中多积累独立题部分的素材和经验。
除此之外，还需要特别注意“建议类”和“优缺点”的积累和练习。近这两类话题经常围绕着“租房”和“开公司”这两个以前不怎么考的话题展开。可以多准备相关素材。
TASK 2
TASK 2题型问法还是经典的
“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement？”以及
“Some people prefer A…Others prefer B…Which do you prefer？”这两种。
具体数据可参考下图：
而话题分类我们可以看见教育，个人成长，科技，社会事件这几大类占比比较大。
具体数据如下图：
下面来看一些2018年真题例子
教育类话题
20180128
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is okay for professors to forbid students to record lectures.
20180303
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The university should educate students about moral values such as honesty.
20180602
Some professors prefer to answer students' questions at the end of the class, while others stop at different points to answer students’ questions. Which why do you think is better and why.
20180707
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should discourage their kids to choose the majors that might be very competitive to find jobs in the future, like artists and singers.
20180916
Which one do you prefer, homeschooling or sending kids to the public school? Use specific details and examples to support your opinion.
个人成长类话题
20180113
When you have confronts with your family or your friends, do you wish to convince them or hold different opinions?
20180311
Some people prevent their kids from making mistakes, while others allow them to do so. Which type of parents do you think is better?
20180512
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parent should help kids to prevent from difficulties in their life so kids will not experience difficulties in their early ages.
20180707
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? We should be completely honest and open to friends. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
科技类话题
20180331
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should have access to computer and other electronic devices as early as possible.
20180506
Some people believe that business meetings should be only conducted face-to-face in person, while others think it’s okay to have business meetings online with the help of technology?
20180623
Some people think, with the development of technology and Internet, libraries will disappear, while others think libraries are always necessary. Which opinion do you support?
20181020
Your university is going to shut down the computer room since many students have laptops. What do you think of this idea?
20181125
Which way do you think is more effective to teach the senior citizen from the community to use the computers? One-to-one class at each person’s home or teach them all together in an instruction center?
社会事件话题
20180310
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s reasonable to build a factory that provides many job opportunities but pollutes the environment.
20181208
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People shouldn’t be allowed to take photos in the museums.
总结：
教育类和个人成长类话题占比大，2019年应该不会降低数量，同学们可以多准备此类话题比如团队合作，课堂笔记，要不要参考同学家长建议等等。此外，科技话题比如网络课程，电子设备。所以不光要了解手机网络跟电脑的信息，也要了解每个部分的优缺点在哪。所以日常积累话题和素材很重要。
在今年这45场考试之中，独立题TASK 1-2的考题，完全一样的题目重复出现了4次。所以每一次的独立题的真题题目都很宝贵和具有参考价值。
明年参加托福考试的同学们一定要把今年的这90多题独立题都练习一下，类似的话题或者说原题是会重复出现的，全部练习一遍，底气一定会更足的！！！
我把今年的90题独立题都按照顺序整理好了，大家可以参考下面的附录。
TASK 3
今年和前几年相比，题型话题并没有产生太大的变化。改善设施，教育学习，校园活动，餐厅，寝室还是第三题经常考的话题。
具体数据可参考下图：
总结：
校园类场景话题，需要考生进行有预测性的语料积累。
题目多涉及设施的改善，场所的营业时间，寝室，咖啡厅修建等话题，学业相关的题目在分类上，着重考察学术氛围的营造和学习方法的探究，比如common room需不需要开放，学术论文的修改和计划等等。
另外，第三题阅读分为Announcement（学校通知）和Proposal（学生提议）两种类型，特别需要注意，在口语答题时候的主语和人称不要混淆。
TASK 4
从今年的真题数据来看，生物仍然占了主导地位，和TPO以及前两年的真题保持一致。另外心理学和商务也是两大巨头。剩余的包括环境科学，文学，历史，艺术，地质，天文，农业，总的来说都占比不高，但是在平日练习过程中也需要涉猎一二，了解一些基础的背景知识。
具体数据如下：
总结：
明年“生物，心理，商业”依然会是巨头。同学在练习过程中，应该以这些话题为重。但是其余的还是需要知识的储备。比如天文，地质和考古是学生普遍比较头疼的话题，但是如果事先掌握一些背景相关的知识比如风化weathering，天体名称，就会容易理解很多。BBC的各种纪录片话题涉猎广泛，若学有余力，可以就自己感兴趣或者想要进一步深入了解的进行查阅和学习。
另外，第四题答题特别需要注意时态的使用，比如教授出现personal experience或者controlled experiment这些需要过去时答题，但是如果是动植物的universal rules则需要一般现在时答题。学生往往忽略这个问题，凭自己想象和喜好来答。
TASK 5
第五题和第三题都是属于校园场景类话题，同样考察目的都是看同学们是否可以适应国外的校园生活，如果遇到困难，如何进行解决。
话题主要分为，时间冲突，校园活动，寝室安排问题，金钱问题和学习问题。
具体数据如下图：
总结：
明年这些题型应该还是大头，特别是时间冲突类题型。通常需要在自身利益和人际关系、课程之间进行选择。比如男生答应替女生晚上去dining hall cover the shift，但是忘记自己晚上同时还要参加band rehearsal。或者女生去给奶奶接机和生物复习课冲突等等。
需要注意的是，第五题在选择自己更偏好的选项之后，需要进行有如辩论一般的解答，好各方面都滴水不漏。既要“攻击对方的缺点”也需要可以“弥补自身的缺点，并说出自身的优点”。这不是一题两题就马上整理清楚思路的，需要多练习多思考多解决。
TASK 6
和第四题比较类似的是，今年的生物又毫无疑问占了大的比重，超过一半的题目都是生物类话题。剩余包括商务，社会学，环境科学，艺术，文学，天文，地质等等。
具体数据如下图：
总结：
生物普遍占主导优势。生物分为动物学zoology和植物学botany两种。常考动植物如何觅食prey，如何防御天敌predators，如何适应环境adapt to the environment，因需求而发展出各种各样的special body features或者adaptation。
在此类话题中，经常涉及比较专业的动植物名字，比如豪猪porcupine，管鼻藿fulmar，车矢菊star thistle，臭鼬skunk，螨mite，蚜虫aphid等等。同学们遇到此类词汇，也完全不需要惊慌失措，因为老外他们自己也不知道这个是什么，就比如中文中“管鼻藿”我们也完全不知道是什么东西。所以在听力的过程中，按照发音简单记录下这个词，只要大致知道的分类是鸟，鱼，花，草即可。此时同学们再加深发音就好。
当然了， 学有余力的同学可以多接触BBC纪录片，欧美的各种脱口秀节目，听原版小说的有声读物，做配音练习和模仿都是可以提高口语语感，语音语调和分数的不错的方法哦。
附录
以下为今年的90题独立题真题题目。
20180106上午场
TASK 1
What do you think of homeschooling? Use details and examples to explain you opinion.
TASK 2
Why do you think the biggest challenge that people are not able to save money? How to solve the challenge?
20180106下午场
TASK 1
Which of the following methods do you think is the best to motivate the employees?
A. Extra money as a reward
B. Organize a kind of contest to select who is the best one.
C. To praise staff on the website
Please use details and examples to explain why.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree that it is important to learn about the history of the city you stay in? Please give specific details to support your opinion.
20180113
TASK 1
Teachers prefer to give students group assignments instead of individual assignments. Give at least one advantage and one disadvantage about the statement.
TASK 2
When you have confronts with your family or your friends, do you wish to convince them or hold different opinions?
20180127
TASK 1
What do you think can improve your local community and make it a better place to live?
TASK 2
Some people like to make decision based on their own experience while other people prefer to ask others for help such as family and friends. Which do you prefer and why?
20180128
TASK 1
Describe something that you thought was negative the first time you went to school, but turned out to be positive. Please use details and examples in your response.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is okay for professors to forbid students to record lectures.
20180204
TASK 1
Which one of the following group has the most influence on your opinion?
A. Teachers
B. Friends
C. Family members
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should be engaged in activities that they are interested in or they are talented in.
20180303
TASK 1
Your university is going to add a new section in the campus newspaper. Which of the following three do you think is the best choice?
A. Film recommendation
B. Tips about travelling for students
C. Local restaurants review
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The university should educate students about moral values such as honesty. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180310
TASK 1
One of your friends is going to visit your country. What kind of transportation do you recommend him or her to use? Explain with details and examples.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s reasonable to build a factory that provides many job opportunities but pollutes the environment. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180311
TASK 1
Which function of the cellphones do you think is the most useful to students?
A. Taking photos
B. Listening to music
C. Recording videos
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Some people prevent their kids from making mistakes, while others allow them to do so. Which type of parents do you think is better?
20180324
TASK 1
Things always change in an unexpected way. Please describe a thing you have recently done but ten years ago, you never imagined you would do.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should listen to or watch news at a very young age. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180331
TASK 1
Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of universities located in small town or rural areas? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should have access to computer and other electronic devices as early as possible. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180415
TASK 1
Many professors ask their students to take exams during the classes, but some professors allow students to take exam papers home and hand in the next day. What are the advantages or disadvantages of asking students to do a home-take exam? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
In a group discussion, some students prefer to speak out their minds immediately, while the others prefer to speak out their opinions after listening to others' opinions. Which way do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180421
TASK 1
One of your friends went straight to work after high school and skipped university. Now he decides to go to university after 10 years. Please talk about at least one challenge he will face when he goes to university at an elder age.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It's never acceptable to interrupt other people when they are taking. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180506
TASK 1
Which of the following three after-school activities you are most interested in?
A. Planting flowers
B. Picking garbage and plastic in the campus
C. Painting
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
TASK 2
Some people believe that business meetings should be only conducted face-to-face in person, while others think it’s okay to have business meetings online with the help of technology? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180512
TASK 1
Which of the following characteristics do you think would be the most important for a person who is going to start a small business?
A. Being outgoing and friendly
B. Being creative and imaginative
C. Being well-organized
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parent should help kids to prevent from difficulties in their life so kids will not experience difficulties in their early ages. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180519
TASK 1
Some people choose not to use social media websites or apps. Talk about one advantage and one disadvantage of not using social media. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is acceptable to take advantage of those who have more influence to get a new job. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180526
TASK 1
One of your friends needs to take courses during the summer vacation in order to graduate one year earlier from the university. Talk about one advantage and one disadvantage of doing that. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
TASK 2
Some universities allow people from the local community to audit classes for free, but they will not receive feedbacks or grades on their papers. Do you think it’s a good program and explain why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180602
TASK 1
Instead of printing books in paper version the university decides to release only online version of textbooks. Talk about at least one advantage and one disadvantage of this change.
TASK 2
Some professors prefer to answer students' questions at the end of the class, while others stop at different points to answer students’ questions. Which why do you think is better and why.
20180610
TASK 1
One of your friends is going to have a pet. What suggestions would you like to give him or her? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
TASK 2
Your university is going to lower the budget for some in-campus clubs. Which of the following three clubs’ budget do you think should be cut down?
A. Sports club
B. Academic club
C. Skiing club
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
20180623
TASK 1
A friend of yours is planning to sign up for an exchange program to study abroad, however, he will graduate a year later from the university. What suggestions do you have for him and why?
TASK 2
Some people think, with the development of technology and Internet, libraries will disappear, while others think libraries are always necessary. Which opinion do you support? Please give specific details to support your opinion.
20180630
TASK 1
Your university plans to cancel long vacations and have several short breaks in one year instead. Do you think it’s a good idea and why. Please give specific details to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best decisions are made by groups rather than made by individuals. Please give specific details to support your opinion.
20180701
TASK 1
A museum is going to add a new area for kids. Which of the following theme will be the most attractive to kids?
A. Robot technology
B. Deep sea animals
C. Solar system
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? We should be completely honest and open to friends. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180707
TASK 1
Which of the following should the government fund?
A. Health care
B. Education system
C. Space problem
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should discourage their kids to choose the majors that might be very competitive to find jobs in the future, like artists and singers. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20180708
TASK 1
What do you think is the most common mistakes that parents make in the process of raising their kids?
TASK 2
When giving feedbacks to students, some professors would like to talk to their students in person, while others would give written comments to students. Which do you prefer and why?
20180714
TASK 1
Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of giving children financial reward when they do well in school.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s never too late to get a degree in university.
20180825
TASK 1
Describe something that once you are scared of but you overcame it in the end, and explain how you overcome it.
TASK 2
Is library a place for quiet reading or for face-to-face discussion?
20180826
TASK 1
Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of having pre-courses before starting university.
TASK 2
Some people prefer to work regularly, while others prefer to work as a freelancer. Which one do you prefer and why.
20180902
TASK 1
If universities are given financial support to develop researches, which one do you think would receive more benefits?
A. To predict weather more accurately
B. To clean rivers and ocean
C. To deal with out space.
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you prefer to make friends with those who of your own age or those who are in different age group with you?
20180908
TASK 1
One of your friends plans to learn cooking. What suggestion would you give to your friend?
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should always keep in touch with their friends and family and inform them of their whereabouts during a trip.
20180909
TASK 1
Which of the following is most important for recruitment of new employees?
A. Academic background
B. Work experience
C. Interview performance
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you like to decorate your room with objects like paintings and pictures or leave the wall blank and simple?
20180915
TASK 1
What are you supposed to do when one classmate of yours want you to help him or her review but at the same time you also have loads to prepare for the exam?
TASK 2
Which do you prefer? Hiking club or debate club. Use specific details and examples to support your opinion.
20180916
TASK 1
If your professor cancels the night class, but there is an upcoming test tomorrow. What would you do tonight, go hang out with your friends or prepare for the test?
TASK 2
Which one do you prefer, homeschooling or sending kids to the public school? Use specific details and examples to support your opinion.
20181013
TASK 1同20180303
Which of the following do you think is the most useful when the campus newspaper wants to offer information for their students? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
A. Film recommendation
B. Local Restaurants recommendation
C. Tips for travelling
Use specific details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Which do you think is more important when facing difficulties, humor or a serious attitude? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20181014
TASK 1
Talk about the advantage and the disadvantage of starting business within the same family. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should take part in sports team to be more socially developed. Use details and examples to support your opinion.
20181020
TASK 1
What would you do to celebrate your friend’s achievement? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Your university is going to shut down the computer room since many students have laptops. What do you think of this idea?
20181027
TASK 1
Which of the following three courses do you think can help students the best?
A. Public speaking class
B. Photography class
C. Business class
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should help their kids to solve the problems.
20181028
TASK 1同20181020
What would you do to celebrate your friend’s achievement? Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Calculators can be allowed during the math classes or tests.
20181104
TASK 1
Your university receives an amount of funds from the graduates. Which of the following infrastructure should the university put money on?
A. Stadium
B. Theater
C. Game center
Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to be an adult than to be a kid?
20181110
TASK 1
If one of your friends complains that he couldn’t fall asleep before an important event, what advice would you like to offer to help him relax and go to sleep?
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Employees shouldn’t send personal text or emails during working hours. Explain why.
20181111
TASK 1
Talk about the disadvantages of moving to a new place to live.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should listen to or read news at an early age.
20181117
TASK 1
One of your friends used to ride bicycles to school, but now he wants to earn money from part-time job and buy a new car. What would you suggest your friend to do?
TASK 2同之前一题
Your university plans to allow people from the community to audit classes for free without grading their papers and assignment. Do you think it’s a good idea?
20181124
TASK 1
What do you think is better way for a freshman to get familiar with the campus? Guide them around the campus or set up a Q & A center for them?
TASK 2
The company you want to interview is located in a distant place. Would you do the phone interview or do the in-person interview?
20181125
TASK 1
Which of the following factors do you think is the most important when you rent an apartment?
A. Friendly roommates
B. Close to the stores and restaurants
C. Close to the public transportation
Use details and examples to support your opinion.
TASK 2
Which way do you think is more effective to teach the senior citizen from the community to use the computers? One-to-one class at each person’s home or teach them all together in an instruction center?
20181201
TASK 1
What would you do to run a small business company with your friends?
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should encourage competition among students.
20181208
TASK 1
Talk about at least one advantage and one disadvantage of charging people money for plastic bags.
TASK 2
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People shouldn’t be allowed to take photos in the museums. Please use specific details and examples to support your opinion.
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